在脊髓损伤后恢复自发运动控制
Rubia van den Brand1, Janine Heutschi, Quentin Barraud
1Neurology Department, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 2, 2012
概括
这项研究表明,电化学神经假体和机器人接口可以恢复脊髓损伤的老鼠的运动. 积极参与和皮质重塑是恢复的关键,与被动跑步机训练不同.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 康复科学 康复科学 康复科学
背景情况:
- 脊髓损伤 (SCI) 经常导致慢性,严重影响运动功能.
- 当前的康复策略往往在重度SCI后恢复自愿运动方面表现出有限的有效性.
- 了解SCI后大脑的可塑性能力对于开发有效疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查电化学神经假体与机器人姿势界面相结合是否可以促进SCI老鼠的运动恢复.
- 探索皮质可塑性和积极参与SCI后运动功能恢复的作用.
- 为了比较主动,皮质参与训练与被动跑步机训练的有效性.
主要方法:
- 电化学神经假体和机器人姿势界面的开发.
- 在大鼠模型中诱导性脊髓病变.
- 实施一种培训范式,鼓励积极的,超脊柱介导的运动.
- 评估皮层重塑和运动功能恢复.
- 与不参与皮质神经元的自动跑步机限制训练进行比较.
主要成果:
- 患有SCI的老鼠恢复了精细运动的能力,尽管直接的脊柱上线路中断了.
- 恢复依赖于广泛的皮质重塑,形成新的脑干和脊内继电器.
- 这些继电器通过电化学神经假体恢复了对 lumbosacral 电路的控制.
- 积极训练触发了皮质依赖的可塑性和功能恢复.
- 被动跑步机训练未能促进可塑性或恢复.
结论:
- 使用电化学神经假体和机器人接口的积极训练模式可以在SCI后诱导皮质依赖的运动恢复.
- 皮层可塑性,包括形成新的神经继电器,对于功能恢复至关重要.
- 这种方法有可能改善人类SCI患者的治疗结果.
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