FoxO1目标Gpr17激活AgRP神经元以调节食物摄入量
Hongxia Ren1, Ian J Orozco, Ya Su
1Berrie Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Cell
|June 12, 2012
概括
在Agouti相关 (AgRP) 神经元中抑制FoxO1会减少食物摄入量并促进瘦身. 这一途径涉及G蛋白结合受体Gpr17,为肥胖提供了潜在的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 代谢调节 代谢调节 代谢调节
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 在下丘脑中,阿古蒂相关 (AgRP) 神经元控制食物摄入.
- 胰岛素和瘦素信号通路对于腹至关重要,但它们在AgRP神经元中的直接操纵是无效的.
- 叉头盒蛋白O1 (FoxO1) 是胰岛素和瘦素信号通路中的一个关键介质.
研究的目的:
- 研究AgRP神经元中FoxO1在调节食物摄入和代谢平衡中的作用.
- 为了确定AgRP神经元中FoxO1的下游目标,这些神经元调解了腹感.
- 探索针对FoxO1-Gpr17途径用于治疗肥胖症的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠的AgRP神经元中FoxO1的遗传切除.
- 流量排序的FoxO1-缺乏AgRP神经元的表达特征.
- 脑内内静脉注射 (ICV) 的Gpr17激动剂和对抗剂 (火).
- 评估食物摄入量,体重,葡萄糖平衡,以及胰岛素/瘦素敏感性.
主要成果:
- 在AgRP神经元中FoxO1的切除导致食物摄入量减少,瘦身,改善葡萄糖平衡,增强胰岛素/素敏感性.
- G蛋白结合受体Gpr17被确定为由营养状况调节的FoxO1基因.
- Gpr17激动剂增加了食物摄入量,而对抗剂坎格雷勒减少了食物摄入量,这些影响取决于FoxO1的存在.
结论:
- 在AgRP神经元中的FoxO1对于调节能量平衡和腹感至关重要.
- Gpr17通路是FoxO1对养行为影响的下游调解者.
- 对FoxO1-Gpr17途径的药理向为控制肥胖症提供了一个有希望的策略.
更多相关视频
07:24Combining Quantitative Food-intake Assays and Forcibly Activating Neurons to Study Appetite in Drosophila
Published on: April 24, 2018
07:29Real-time Analysis of Gut-brain Neural Communication: Cortex wide Calcium Dynamics in Response to Intestinal Glucose Stimulation
Published on: December 29, 2023
相关概念视频
Neural Regulation
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine
Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and 'exit' via the...
G Protein-coupled Receptors
G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...
Two...
Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors
G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or...
Regulation of Food Intake
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
