在C. elegans中,piRNAs调解了生殖系转录的全基因组监测
Heng-Chi Lee1, Weifeng Gu, Masaki Shirayama
1Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Cell
|June 29, 2012
概括
皮维阿尔戈纳特和piRNAs通过准转位子来保护基因组. 在C. elegans中,PRG-1突变体表现出沉默位置的表达增加和22G-RNAs的减少,揭示了piRNA向机制.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 在RNA生物学,RNA生物学.
背景情况:
- 皮维阿尔戈纳特和piRNAs对于对转子体的基因组防御至关重要.
- 许多piRNA缺乏明确的序列对已知标的互补性,只有一个C. elegans转位子是已确认的piRNA标.
- 通过piRNA介导的沉默和目标识别的精确机制仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究Piwi Argonaute PRG-1及其相关piRNAs (21U-RNAs) 在C. elegans的基因组调节中的作用.
- 阐明piRNAs,转子子沉默和二次小RNAs (22G-RNAs) 的产生之间的关系.
- 为了确定piRNAs如何准序列,以及内源基因是否受到保护.
主要方法:
- 对C. elegans突变体中缺乏Piwi Argonaute PRG-1的基因表达的分析.
- 小型RNA群的量化,特别是21U-RNA和22G-RNA.
- 对转基因的沉默机制的评估,这些转基因是为了对21U-RNAs的互补而设计的.
主要成果:
- 缺少PRG-1的突变者从许多以前沉默的生殖线位点表现出增加的mRNA表达.
- 这些位点显示了22G-RNAs的耗尽,这些RNA来自RNA依赖RNA聚合酶 (RdRP).
- PRG-1对于启动对21U-RNAs补充的转基因沉默至关重要,但不是为了维持它.
结论:
- C. elegans的piRNAs使用广泛的准能力来扫描生殖线转录组以寻找外来序列,如转位子.
- 内生生殖系基因被积极保护免受piRNA诱导的沉默,确保它们的表达.
- 这项研究为C. elegans生殖系中piRNA介导的基因组监测和防御提供了一个模型.
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相关概念视频
02:57piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
02:11Reporter Genes
Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
Commonly used reporter...
Commonly used reporter...