全民医疗覆盖的追求:实现墨西哥所有人的社会保护
Felicia Marie Knaul1, Eduardo González-Pier, Octavio Gómez-Dantés
1Harvard Global Equity Initiative, Boston, MA, USA. felicia_knaul@harvard.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|August 21, 2012
概括
墨西哥通过Seguro Popular实现了全民医疗覆盖,扩大了数百万人的医疗覆盖范围,并减少了数百万人的财务负担. 这个国家医疗保险计划改善了服务获取和财务保护,特别是对穷人来说.
科学领域:
- 卫生政策和系统研究 卫生政策和系统研究
- 健康的社会决定因素
- 公共卫生经济学 公共卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 墨西哥于2003年启动了Seguro Popular计划,到2012年实现全民健康覆盖.
- 该计划旨在为超过5000万无保险的墨西哥人提供全面的医疗服务和财务保护.
- 在墨西哥,全民医疗覆盖被视为健康的社会保护,这是基于公民身份的权利.
研究的目的:
- 分析墨西哥走向全民健康覆盖的道路.
- 评估Seguro Popular计划对健康风险保护,患者质量保证和财务保护的影响.
- 讨论从以劳动为基础的社会保障转向以公民为基础的健康社会保护模式的过渡.
主要方法:
- 对卫生改革过渡的概念分析.
- 九年来基于证据的实施流程的审查.
- 分析已发表的文献和关于计划效应和影响的新数据.
主要成果:
- 人民保险有明显改善了获得医疗服务的机会.
- 该计划减少了灾难性的和使人贫困的卫生支出,特别是在穷人中.
- 有证据表明,有效的医疗覆盖率有所改善.
结论:
- 墨西哥的Seguro Popular计划是迈向全民健康覆盖和社会健康保护的重要一步.
- 在将财政资源转化为有效,公平和响应性健康服务方面,仍然存在持续的挑战.
- 需要进一步进行系统性改革,以完成卫生系统的重组,并为低收入和中等收入国家提供教训.
相关概念视频
01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
01:30Primary Healthcare Services
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01:18Introduction To Health Care Delivery System
The healthcare system is constantly changing and complex. Various services are available from different healthcare providers, but gaining access to these services has become challenging for people with limited healthcare insurance. Uninsured people present a challenge to healthcare because they frequently postpone or forego treatment.
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01:26Traditional Level Of Health Care System
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01:28International Nursing Organizations II
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
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01:30Preventive Healthcare Services
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include: