基因组H3素36的Set2甲基化抑制了转录基因上的基因组交换
Swaminathan Venkatesh1, Michaela Smolle, Hua Li
1Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th Street, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA.
Nature
|August 24, 2012
概括
通过Set2控制基因转录的希斯H3氨酸36甲基化 (H3K36me). Set2 通过抑制基因组乙化和促进脱乙化来防止密码转录,确保RNA聚合酶II的准确性.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 基因规则 基因规则
背景情况:
- 基因组甲基化,特别是H3K36me,是对基因表达调节至关重要的共同转录标记.
- 通过H3K36me激活Rpd3S基因脱乙酶复合体,使基因编码区域保持在低乙化状态.
- 失去Set2会导致H3K36的乙化和从开放式读取 (ORF) 中启动密码转录.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明对协同转录的基因素乙化负责的因素.
- 为了研究基因编码区域内调节乙化中的组素交换的作用.
- 了解Set2在抑制基因组乙化和信号脱乙化方面的双重功能.
主要方法:
- 在酵母中研究了基斯交换机制.
- 分析了H3K36甲基化和基因素辅导体之间的相互作用.
- 研究了Set2对基因素乙化和脱乙化动态的影响.
主要成果:
- 协同转录的基因组乙化部分通过基因组交换与酵母中的ORFs进行调解.
- 通过Set2的H3K36甲基化抑制了基因素 - 沙佩龙相互作用和基因素交换.
- Set2活动阻止了新乙化组织蛋白在转录基因上的结合.
结论:
- Set2 扮演着双重的角色:抑制乙化基因组合并促进转录基因上的基因组的脱乙化.
- 这种表观遗传途径对于防止虚假的密码转录启动至关重要.
- 保持RNA聚合酶II的转录精度依赖于Set2-介导的H3K36甲基化途径.
相关概念视频
01:46Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
02:25Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
02:38Heterochromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
01:37Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...