体无机纳米颗粒的应用:从医学到能源
Samuel E Lohse1, Catherine J Murphy
1Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 1, 2012
概括
体纳米粒子合成已经取得了显著的进步,使研究和现实世界的应用. 克服合成,连接体分析和技术障碍方面的挑战是纳米技术的关键.
科学领域:
- * 无机纳米粒子合成
- * 材料科学 材料科学
- * 纳米技术的使用
背景情况:
- * 体无机纳米粒子合成领域自20世纪50年代以来一直在发展.
- *目前的进展使研究和工业的实际应用成为可能.
- * 在合溶液中合成的纳米材料对于新兴技术至关重要.
研究的目的:
- * 探索纳米粒子合成和连接体分析中的成功和挑战.
- * 突出 colloidal 纳米材料在生物医学和能量转换中的应用.
- * 讨论阻碍纳米技术充分发挥潜力的技术障碍.
主要方法:
- * 审查已建立和新兴的纳米粒子合成技术.
- * 对连接体相互作用及其对纳米粒子特性影响的分析.
- * 对生物医学和能源转换的案例研究进行了审查.
主要成果:
- *在合成精确定义的无机纳米粒子方面取得了重大进展.
- * colloidal纳米材料在生物医学和能源领域的实用性已被证明.
- * 在合成,表征和应用中确定关键挑战.
结论:
- *纳米粒子合成已经成熟,为各种应用铺平了道路.
- * 需要进一步的研究来解决合成,联结体分析和技术障碍.
- * 克服这些障碍将释放纳米技术更广泛的承诺.
相关概念视频
01:29The Colloidal State
The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
01:09Colloidal precipitates
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...