相关实验视频
Updated: May 19, 2026

11:41
Magnetic Tweezers for the Measurement of Twist and Torque
Published on: May 19, 2014
黄瓜如何卷起并通过风吹过来
Sharon J Gerbode1, Joshua R Puzey, Andrew G McCormick
1School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
概括
由于不对称的细胞收缩,植物纹卷曲,而不是解开. 这些专门的结构表现出独特的机械特性,充当无扭曲弹的可调节响应,灵感来自达尔文的观察.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 材料科学是一种材料科学.
背景情况:
- 长期以来,植物状卷轴一直吸引着科学家们,查尔斯·达尔文提出它们充当软弹.
- 卷轴的精确机制和的机械性质在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明螺旋状肌卷曲的细胞和机械基础.
- 量化的机械行为,并将其与达尔文的假设进行比较.
- 探索无扭曲弹的潜在仿生应用.
主要方法:
- 实验是在黄瓜 (Cucumis sativus) 上进行的.
- 机械测试涉及提取的纤维带和在张力下老化的子.
- 预排的物理模型,几何论证和弹性线 filaments模型被用于分析.
主要成果:
- 肌卷曲是由内部细胞纤维丝带的不对称收缩驱动的.
- 在张力下,子和纤维丝带表现出无扭曲的超,而不是解.
- 一个柔软的初始反应过渡到显著的应变强化在更高的延伸.
结论:
- 这项研究揭示了肌卷曲背后的细胞机制.
- 机械行为与达尔文的软弹假说保持一致并量化.
- 研究结果表明,可以设计出具有可调节性质的新型生物模拟无扭曲弹.
相关概念视频
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion
The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion
The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
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A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
The Contractile Ring
Contractile rings are composed of microfilaments and are responsible for separating the daughter cells during cytokinesis. Contractile ring assembly proceeds along with other cell cycle events; however, very few mechanistic details are known about the timing and coordination of the contractile rings with the cell cycle.
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
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As cells progress into mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the condensed chromosomes are exposed to the array of bipolar microtubules of the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore, a large, disc-shaped protein complex, is present at the centromere region of the sister chromatids and acts as a binding site for the microtubules. Usually, the plus-end of a single microtubule is embedded within the kinetochore. However, some kinetochores first establish lateral contact with the side-wall of a...
Attachment of Sister Chromatids
As cells progress into mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the condensed chromosomes are exposed to the array of bipolar microtubules of the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore, a large, disc-shaped protein complex, is present at the centromere region of the sister chromatids and acts as a binding site for the microtubules. Usually, the plus-end of a single microtubule is embedded within the kinetochore. However, some kinetochores first establish lateral contact with the side-wall of a...

