发展中国家的非传染性疾病和传染性疾病的双重负担
1Copenhagen School of Global Health, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 5 Øster Farimagsgade, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark. iby@sund.ku.dk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 22, 2012
概括
发育和衰老导致非传染性疾病 (NCD),而早期的营养不良和感染增加了慢性NCD风险. 对抗非传染性疾病和感染的联合干预是关键的政策考虑因素.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 低收入和中等收入国家面临着传染病的双重负担和非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的不断增长的流行病.
- 诸如发展,工业化,城市化,投资和人口老龄化等因素是导致非传染性疾病越来越普遍的重要因素.
- 早期的营养不良和感染与晚年患慢性非传染性疾病的风险更高有关.
研究的目的:
- 在全球发展的背景下,突出传染病和非传染性疾病 (NCD) 之间的复杂相互作用.
- 强调需要采用综合方法来应对非传染性疾病和感染的同时发生.
- 倡导新的政策考虑,不仅仅是为了获得有限的医疗资金而竞争.
主要方法:
- 本研究是关于传染病和非传染病流行病学的现有文献的审查和综合.
- 分析社会经济发展和人口变化对疾病模式的影响.
- 检查特定非传染性疾病和感染之间的不良相互作用.
主要成果:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 在全球范围内越来越普遍,由发展和衰老驱动.
- 生命早期的健康问题 (营养不良,感染) 预测生命后期的非传染性疾病.
- 同时存在的非传染性疾病和感染,如糖尿病和结核病,可以产生有害的协同效应.
结论:
- 针对传染病或非传染性疾病的干预措施可能因其复杂的相互作用而不那么有效.
- 针对非传染性和传染性疾病的联合干预策略对于有效的资源分配和改善健康结果至关重要.
- 公共卫生政策的范式转变是必要的,以解决这些疾病负担的交织性质.
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