尼日尔减少儿童死亡率:2015年国家病例研究的倒计时
Agbessi Amouzou1, Oumarou Habi, Khaled Bensaïd
1Institute for International Programs, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. aamouzou@jhsph.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|September 25, 2012
概括
尼日尔显著降低了儿童死亡率,超过了千年发展目标4的目标. 关键干预措施,如用杀虫剂处理的床和改善营养,在2009年挽救了近59000人的生命.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 公共卫生干预措施 公共卫生干预措施
背景情况:
- 千年发展目标4的目标是到2015年将儿童死亡率降低三分之二.
- 与西非邻国相比,尼日尔在减少儿童死亡率和干预覆盖率方面取得了重大进展.
- 对尼日尔1998-2009年儿童生存计划进行了深入分析.
研究的目的:
- 分析尼日尔1998年至2009年间儿童生存计划的有效性.
- 在研究期间估计儿童死亡率和干预覆盖率.
- 量化2009年由于特定的儿童生存干预措施而挽救的生命.
主要方法:
- 使用2010年家庭调查数据 (1998-2009) 开发的新生儿和新生儿死亡率估计.
- 通过八项全国代表性调查重新计算了干预覆盖范围.
- 使用救命工具 (LiST) 来估计2009年救生的生命.
主要成果:
- 婴儿死亡率从每1000个活产婴儿中的226例下降到128例 (每年下降5.1%).
- 发育迟缓的发病率略有下降;衰竭减少了大约50%.
- 2009年,大约有59000人的生命得以挽救,其中主要的贡献来自杀虫剂处理的床 (25%) 和营养改善 (19%).
结论:
- 促进普遍获得和免费医疗保健的政府政策至关重要.
- 分散营养计划在降低儿童死亡率方面发挥了重要作用.
- 尼日尔的进步超过了实现千年发展目标4目标所需的速度.
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