美国成年人脂质和脂蛋白的趋势,1988-2010年
Margaret D Carroll1, Brian K Kit, David A Lacher
1Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland 20782, USA. mdc3@cdc.gov
JAMA
|October 18, 2012
概括
美国成年人血清脂质水平在1988年至2010年之间呈现出有利趋势,总胆固醇 (TC) 和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 的下降. 增加使用降脂药物与这些胆固醇水平的积极变化相吻合.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
- 脂质代谢 脂质代谢是什么
背景情况:
- 血清总胆固醇 (TC) 和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 是动脉样硬化及其临床后果的关键因素.
- 在1988-1994年和1999-2002年期间,美国成年人的平均TC和LDL-C水平下降.
- 在此期间,血脂降低药物的处方显著增加,而甘油三水平上升,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL-C) 保持稳定.
研究的目的:
- 分析1988年至2010年美国成年人血清脂质概况的趋势.
- 在此期间评估TC,LDL-C,HDL-C,非HDL-C和甘油三水平的变化.
- 评估使用降脂药物的患病率及其与脂质趋势的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用了美国1988-1994,1999-2002,2007-2010期间进行的三个不同的国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的数据.
- 分析了TC,LDL-C,HDL-C,非HDL-C的平均水平,以及几何平均甘油三水平.
- 在研究期间检查了降脂药物的使用率.
主要成果:
- 平均TC从206 mg/dL (1988-1994) 下降到196 mg/dL (2007-2010),平均LDL-C从129 mg/dL下降到116 mg/dL (线性趋势P <.001).
- 平均HDL-C从50.7 mg/dL显著增加到52.5 mg/dL (线性趋势的P=.001).
- 使用降脂药物的患病率从3.4%上升到15.5% (线性趋势P<.001).
结论:
- 在1988年至2010年期间,在美国成年人中观察到血清脂水平的有利趋势,包括TC和LDL-C的减少和HDL-C的增加.
- 这些改善发生在使用降脂药物的显著增加的同时.
- 这项研究表明,在美国成年人群中,与脂质样本相关的心血管风险因素在过去二十年中发生了积极的转变.
相关概念视频
01:31Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body
7.4K
Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
7.4K
01:18Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements
2.7K
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
2.7K
01:24Overview of Lipid Metabolism
6.9K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
6.9K
01:29Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
1.9K
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Considering cholesterol and...
1.9K
01:24Lipid Absorption
3.6K
Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
3.6K
01:25Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile
856
Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
856