终身风险和没有总体心血管疾病的寿命
John T Wilkins1, Hongyan Ning, Jarett Berry
1Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. j-wilkins@fsm.northwestern.edu
JAMA
|November 3, 2012
概括
对于所有人来说,心血管疾病 (CVD) 的终身风险是很高的,即使是那些具有最佳风险因素的人. 保持健康的习惯可以显著增加无心血管疾病的寿命.
科学领域:
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 预防性心脏病学 预防性心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 对总心血管疾病 (CVD) 的终身风险估计对于预测未来的疾病负担和帮助临床沟通至关重要.
- 之前的研究没有报告对总体心血管疾病的全面终身风险估计.
研究的目的:
- 根据年龄和风险因素概况计算总体心血管疾病的终身风险估计.
- 为了估计个人在不同风险因素层面中没有心脏病的年数.
主要方法:
- 聚合的生存分析利用了来自美国五大队列研究的超过90万人年数据.
- 分析包括在基线无心血管疾病的参与者,以及血压,胆固醇,糖尿病和吸烟状况的数据.
- 追踪了包括致命和非致命结局在内的总体心血管疾病事件.
主要成果:
- 在45岁时,心血管疾病的终身风险在男性中为60.3%,在女性中为55.6%.
- 患有高或主要风险因素的个体在95岁时面临的终身风险超过50%.
- 即使那些在55岁时具有最佳风险因素的人也具有显著的终身心血管疾病风险,但与具有多个风险因素的人相比,他们活了长达14年的心血管疾病.
结论:
- 总体心血管疾病的终身风险在所有个人中都是相当大的,包括那些在中年时具有最佳风险因素的人.
- 在中年保持最佳的心血管风险因素水平与明显更长的无心血管疾病寿命密切相关.
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