珊瑚在化学上提示相互支持的鱼类去除竞争的海藻
Danielle L Dixson1, Mark E Hay
1School of Biology and Aquatic Chemical Ecology Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 10, 2012
概括
珊瑚礁面临着有毒海藻的威胁. 阿克罗波拉纳苏塔珊瑚使用化学线索招募共生鱼来去除破坏性藻类,保护珊瑚礁结构.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 化学生态化学生态学
- 这种共生是共生.
背景情况:
- 珊瑚礁是由Acropora珊瑚建造的,是重要的生态系统.
- 有毒的海藻对珊瑚健康和珊瑚礁结构构成重大威胁.
- 阿克罗波拉·纳苏塔 (Acropora nasuta) 珊瑚特别容易受到Chlorodesmis fastigiata的破坏.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Acropora nasuta珊瑚和共生鱼之间的化学交流.
- 了解珊瑚招募戈比来防御有毒海藻的机制.
- 探索相互关系及其生态影响.
主要方法:
- 对珊瑚-藻类-海藻相互作用的观测研究.
- 对珊瑚和海藻提取物进行化学分析.
- 行为实验,以评估GOBY招募线索.
主要成果:
- 在接触Chlorodesmis fastigiata或其化学提取物时,Acropora nasuta会释放出一种特定的气味.
- 这种气味在几分钟内有效地招募了共生 (Gobiodon histrio或Paragobiodon echinocephalus).
- 招募的戈比活跃地去除有毒的海藻,显著减少珊瑚的损害.
- 吃藻类的戈比会受到化学防御,从而增加了它们自身的毒性.
结论:
- 珊瑚利用化学线索招募共生伙伴来防御环境威胁.
- 这种珊瑚 - 戈比互惠主义作为陆地 - 植物系统的海洋类比.
- 这些发现凸显了珊瑚礁生态系统中复杂的化学通信策略.
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