由专业机械触发的RNAi使发育基因和逆转移子沉默
Soichiro Yamanaka1, Sameet Mehta, Francisca E Reyes-Turcu
1Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nature
|November 16, 2012
概括
RNA干扰 (RNAi) 通过产生小干扰RNA (siRNAs) 和促进异质染色素,使裂变酵母中的基因和逆转移体沉默. 这个过程与外体RNA降解机制和环境信号有关.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- RNA干扰 (RNAi) 是一种利用小干扰RNAs (siRNAs) 的保存基因沉默机制.
- 众所周知,RNAi会准重复的DNA,并促进异色染色体的组合.
- 人们对RNAi功能及其内源性点的全部范围的理解尚不完全.
研究的目的:
- 研究RNAi在裂变酵母中的多样化的内源点和功能.
- 探索RNAi,异染色蛋白和外体RNA降解途径之间的相互作用.
- 为了确定环境和发育信号如何调节RNAi介导的沉默.
主要方法:
- 对基因沉默,异性染色体形成和siRNA生产在Schizosaccharomyces pombe中的分析.
- 研究外体,多聚A聚合酶Pla1和RNA监测因子Red1.1的作用.
- 在Drosophila的RNAi-外体相互作用的比较分析.
主要成果:
- RNAi和异色染色素因子合作使各种位置保持沉默,包括性差异化基因,跨膜蛋白质基因和逆转移子.
- 在外体缺陷细胞中,RNAi优先处理转录,从而增加siRNA集群和异染色蛋白修饰.
- siRNA生成和异色染色体组装是由Pla1和Red1触发的,它们也激活了外体.
- siRNA 生产和异染色质因生长条件和性差异化信号而受调节.
结论:
- RNAi与异染色体因子和外体组合作,沉默各种内源基位.
- 在RNAi和外体之间存在一种保守的相互作用,受特定因素和环境线索的调节.
- 通过RNAi介导的沉默是一种由发育信号影响的动态过程,在分化过程中影响基因调节.
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