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鱼头不是发育单位,而是从物理裂中产生的
Michel C Milinkovitch1, Liana Manukyan, Adrien Debry
1Laboratory of Artificial and Natural Evolution (LANE), Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. michel.milinkovitch@unige.ch
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 1, 2012
概括
鱼的脸部和下巴不是像其他胚胎一样由遗传决定的. 相反,它们通过由于机械应力而导致皮肤裂纹的物理自我组织过程而形成.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 进化发育生物学 进化发育生物学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 羊生长出多种多样的质化皮肤附属物,包括羽毛,毛发和.
- 这些附录的空间模式通常由遗传控制的发育单元和反应扩散机制 (RDM) 调节.
- 一般认为鱼的,特别是身体上的,遵循这些发育模式.
研究的目的:
- 研究鱼脸部和下巴上的的发育起源.
- 为了确定这些是否遵循在其他羊动物中看到的典型的基于RDM的模式,或者它们是否来自不同的机制.
- 阐明涉及到这个特定地区形的物理和机械因素.
主要方法:
- 在胚胎血统中对的发展进行比较分析.
- 胚胎鱼皮肤结构的显微镜检查.
- 机械应力分析面部和下巴组织的发展.
- 物理自我组织过程的建模.
主要成果:
- 鱼的脸部和下巴是高度化皮肤的随机多边形领域.
- 这些并非来自于基因控制的发育单元或RDM.
- 的形成是物理自我组织的随机过程的结果:在机械应力下,发育中的皮肤会破裂.
- 胚胎鱼下巴和面部骨架的快速生长,加上高度化皮肤,产生了裂所必需的压力.
结论:
- 鱼下巴和脸部的尺度发展与其他胚胎动物相比,代表了独特的进化和发育途径.
- 通过机械应力和裂纹的物理自我组织是这个特定的解剖区域中尺度模式的关键机制.
- 这一发现突显了生物力学力量在塑造皮肤结构中的作用.
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