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相关概念视频

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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No description available
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Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

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In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
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FMRP针对不同的mRNA序列元素来调节蛋白质表达.

Manuel Ascano1, Neelanjan Mukherjee, Pradeep Bandaru

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA.

Nature
|December 14, 2012
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

脆弱X综合征 (FXS) 与自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 有关. 研究人员确定了FMRP蛋白的RNA标,揭示了开发FXS和ASD新疗法的关键途径.

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科学领域:

  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 脆弱X综合征 (FXS) 是一种导致智力障碍的遗传疾病,与自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 有关.
  • FXS是由FMR1基因的减少表达引起的,该基因产生FMRP蛋白质,这对于RNA调节至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 确定RNA识别元素和FMRP及其对应物 (FXR1P,FXR2P) 的结合部位.
  • 研究FMRP与向mRNA的结合如何影响各种组织中的蛋白质水平和信号通路.
  • 为 FXS 和 ASD 制定新的治疗目标奠定基础.

主要方法:

  • 在FMRP中RNA识别元素的表征.
  • 识别野生类型和突变的FMRP异型和类型对象的mRNA目标.
  • 分析FMRP对细胞培养,小鼠卵巢和人类大脑组织中目标mRNA蛋白水平的影响.
  • 检查Fmr1的目标基因失调的检查-/-) 小鼠卵巢.

主要成果:

  • 确定了FMRP,FXR1P和FXR2P的独特RNA识别元素和结合点.
  • FMRP的结合特征 (频率,比率,分布) 决定了目标mRNA的关联.
  • 许多与ASD相关的基因被发现是FMRP的目标,FMRP在不同的生物环境中影响它们的蛋白质水平.
  • 在Fmr1(-/-) 小鼠卵巢中观察到这些目标的失调,这表明共享的信号通路.

结论:

  • FMRP目标共享了与FXS和ASD相关的保存信号通路.
  • 该研究提供了对神经系统疾病,如FXS和ASD等神经系统疾病的潜在治疗点的排名清单.
  • 了解FMRP-RNA相互作用是解开FXS和ASD背后的分子机制的关键.