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通过控制中脑多巴胺神经元来快速调节与抑郁相关的行为
Dipesh Chaudhury1, Jessica J Walsh, Allyson K Friedman
1Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
Nature
|December 14, 2012
概括
增强的多巴胺神经元在腹膜区域 (VTA) 的发射促进了小鼠对社会压力的敏感性和类似抑郁症的行为. 这种相位激发,特别是在VTA-核accumbens通路中,是导致压力诱导异常的关键机制.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
- 分子精神病学分子精神病学
背景情况:
- 腹部体区域 (VTA) 的多巴胺神经元对于奖励和应激反应至关重要.
- 社会失败压力可以诱发类似抑郁症的行为,但个人的易感性各不相同.
- VTA多巴胺神经元发射模式 (强力和相位) 不同,相位发射与奖励和压力有关.
研究的目的:
- 调查VTA多巴胺神经元发射模式在调解对社会压力的敏感性方面的因果作用.
- 为了确定VTA多巴胺神经元的增强相位发射是否促进类似抑郁症的表型.
- 确定通过VTA多巴胺神经元影响应激易感性的特定神经回路.
主要方法:
- 利用光遗传学对自由行为小鼠中VTA多巴胺神经元活动进行精确的时间和细胞类型特定的操纵.
- 管理下值和重复的社会失败压力范式.
- 评估行为表型,包括社会回避和糖糖偏好.
- 检查了VTA投射到核 (NAc) 和中间前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 的作用.
主要成果:
- 光遗传学诱导的相位,但不是强力,VTA多巴胺神经元的激发迅速诱导了一个易受影响的表型 (社会回避,无情感).
- 向NAc投射的VTA神经元的阶段激活,但不是mPFC,促进了对社会压力的敏感性.
- 抑制VTA-NAc途径赋予了弹性,而抑制VTA-mPFC增加了易感性.
结论:
- 增强的VTA多巴胺神经元的阶段性发射是一种直接的机制,促进了对社会压力诱导的类似抑郁症行为的易感性.
- VTA-NAc途径在调解应激易感性方面发挥着关键作用,而VTA-mPFC途径则具有复杂的作用.
- 这些发现揭示了抑郁和压力反应背后的新,电路特定的机制.
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