美国中西部边缘土地的可持续生物能源生产
Ilya Gelfand1, Ritvik Sahajpal, Xuesong Zhang
1Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA. igelfand@msu.edu
Nature
|January 22, 2013
概括
在边缘土地上种植纤维素作物为以食品为基础的生物燃料提供了可持续的替代方案,大大减轻了温室气体排放,并产生了大量的乙醇能源. 这种方法避免了与以谷物为基础的乙醇生产相关的负面环境影响.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 能源科学 能源科学
背景情况:
- 目前的立法有利于以谷物为基础的乙醇,导致负面的环境后果,如降低土壤碳和增加排放.
- 在边缘土地上种植的纤维素基 (纤维素基) 农作物为生物燃料生产提供了一个有希望的替代品,具有潜在的环境效益.
- 关于边缘土地的可用性和用于纤维素原料生产的相关温室气体 (GHG) 排放存在不确定性.
研究的目的:
- 评估美国中西部十个州边缘土地在生物质生产和温室气体减排方面的潜力.
- 为了比较连续的草本植被与传统的生物燃料作物系统的环境和能源结果.
主要方法:
- 20年来对六种替代作物种植系统的比较评估.
- 边缘土地上连续植被的定量建模,0.4公的分辨率.
- 建模受到接近 (80公里) 潜在的生物炼油厂的限制.
主要成果:
- 已建立的连续草本植物表现出显著的温室气体减排,与专门种植的作物竞争 (-851 ± 46 gCO2e m2 yr-1)).
- 受精的连续植被可以每年每公产生大约63 ± 5 GJ的乙醇能量.
- 边缘土地每年可以从约1100万公的土地上产生约21GL的乙醇,达到2022年纤维素生物燃料目标的约25%,而不需要土地使用成本.
结论:
- 边缘土地上的连续植被是可持续纤维素生物燃料生产的可行策略.
- 与传统生物燃料作物相比,这种方法提供了相当大的温室气体减排和能源产量.
- 需要进一步研究区域范围内的水质和生物多样性影响.
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