"强制性双胞胎"Candida albicans形成了适合交配的双胞胎
Meleah A Hickman1, Guisheng Zeng, Anja Forche
1Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Nature
|February 1, 2013
概括
菌病原体Candida albicans可以存在于一个可行的双胞胎状态,挑战其长期以来的双胞胎分类. 这种半平体形式可以恢复到双平体,为遗传研究提供了新的途径.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 菌 (Candida albicans) 是一种普遍存在的人类真菌病原体.
- 它以前被认为是一个有义务的双倍体生物体.
- 据认为,其基因组中普遍存在衰退性致命突变.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查Candida albicans.中一个单 haploid状态的存在和特征.
- 探索单 haploid 形成的机制及其对真菌生物学的影响.
- 为增强遗传分析开发稳定的单 haploid 菌株.
主要方法:
- 在体外和体内条件下从双胞胎细胞中衍生出单体白菌 (Candida albicans) 的衍生.
- 对平分类细胞的形态遗传变化的分析,包括酵母 - 基因过渡和白色 - 不透明切换.
- 评估平细胞之间的交配效率和二细胞形式的再生.
- 构建具有多个辅的稳定单 haploid 菌株.
主要成果:
- 虫虫 (Candida albicans) 显示出一种由染色体损失引起的可生存的单 haploid 状态.
- 哈普洛伊德细胞表现出保存的形态遗传能力,包括交配.
- 哈普洛伊德细胞有效地交配,再生二倍体,恢复异构性和健康.
- 同胞双胞体自发产生的,但显示减弱的适应性,表明暂时的稳定性.
- 成功创建了稳定的辅食性双胞胎菌株.
结论:
- 不同于以前的假设,Candida albicans具有可行的单 haploid 阶段.
- 单体状态在形态遗传学上是多功能性的,并且能够有效地恢复双体状态.
- 稳定的双胞胎菌株的发展显著推进了对这种病原体的遗传操纵和研究.
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