精确的RNA聚合酶地图揭示了促进者如何直接启动和暂停
Hojoong Kwak1, Nicholas J Fuda, Leighton J Core
1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
概括
RNA聚合酶II (Pol II) 在促进体中暂停是转录调节的关键. 新的PRO-seq方法揭示了核心促进元素集体地决定了暂停位置和强度,挑战了固定的模型.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 转录调节通常由RNA聚合酶II (Pol II) 中介,暂停基因促进体的下游.
- 了解Pol II暂停的精确机制和基因组位置对于破译基因表达控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种高分辨率的方法来绘制全基因组的转录性参与的Pol II.
- 调查核心促进元件在确定Pol II暂停的位置和强度方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 开发精确的核运行和测序 (PRO-seq) 试验,用于对应波点II的基数对分辨率映射.
- 对Pol II分布的全基因组分析.
- 使用Drosophila Hsp70核心促进物的插入性突变发生的功能分析.
主要成果:
- PRO-seq精确地绘制了全基因组的Pol II分布图,识别了促进体,拼接接口和多化位点的积聚点.
- 发现Pol II暂停是动态的,而不是固定的,并且不仅仅由单个核心促销元件或核位决定.
- 核心促成者元素集体影响Pol II暂停的精确位置和强度.
结论:
- 该研究介绍了PRO-seq作为高分辨率Pol II映射的强大工具.
- 提出了一个"复杂相互作用"模型,其中最佳位置的核心促进元件协同调节Pol II暂停.
- 这为复杂的转录启动和调节机制提供了新的见解.
相关概念视频
Transcription Initiation
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
Bacterial Transcription
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...


