具有最佳吸附热力学和CO2分离运动的多孔材料
Patrick Nugent1, Youssef Belmabkhout, Stephen D Burd
1Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA.
Nature
|March 1, 2013
概括
新的金属有机材料 (MOM) 提供高度选择性的二氧化碳 (CO2) 捕获,即使存在水分. 材料科学的这一突破对于降低工业气体分离中的能源成本和缓解气候变化至关重要.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 工业气体分离和净化占全球能源消耗的15%,预计到2050年需求将增加三倍.
- 二氧化碳 (CO2) 的分离特别具有挑战性,因为它在气候变化中的作用以及它作为各种工业气体流中的杂质存在.
- 孔隙晶体材料,如化物和金属有机材料 (MOMs) 通过尺寸选择性和分子识别提供了选择性气体分离的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 开发具有增强二氧化碳分离能力的新型金属有机材料 (MOM).
- 为了实现动力学和热力学平衡,以实现高效的二氧化碳捕获.
- 为了证明高二氧化碳选择性比其他气体,包括,和甲,即使在潮湿的条件下.
主要方法:
- 利用晶体工程和网状化学策略来设计MOMs.
- 在MOM结构中控制毛孔功能和尺寸.
- 嵌入了协调和金属中心和定期排列的六化酸盐离子.
主要成果:
- 开发的MOM显示了CO2分离的动力学和热力学"甜点".
- 在低部分压力 (<0.15 bar) 实现高体积二氧化碳吸收.
- 在N2,H2和CH4上表现出前所未有的二氧化碳吸附选择性,对水分具有很高的耐受性.
结论:
- 新开发的MOM在二氧化碳分离和捕获方面非常有效.
- 这些材料适用于燃烧后,燃烧前和天然气升级应用.
- 这些发现在节能气体分离技术方面取得了重大进展.
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