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基本的手势动态是由歌曲前运动皮质神经元编码的
Ana Amador1, Yonatan Sanz Perl, Gabriel B Mindlin
1Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, 1027 East 57th Street, Chicago, Ilinois 60637, USA.
Nature
|March 1, 2013
概括
研究人员使用生物机械原理模拟了斑马的歌曲. 前运动HVC神经元活动精确地编码了关键运动点的声动力输出,这表明了预测性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
背景情况:
- 定量生物机械模型有助于确定运动控制参数以及前运动神经元如何编码它们.
- 了解发声的神经基础,就像鸟歌一样,对于破译运动控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估数学动态系统模型在预测斑马唱歌期间前运动神经元活动时的性能.
- 为了研究前运动HVC (正确) 神经元如何编码声动输出.
主要方法:
- 将一个动态系统模型配合到斑马的歌声中,并结合了下注射器压力,注射器生物力学和声道过.
- 描述睡眠鸟类中HVC神经元对歌曲变体的听觉反应"重播".
- 在鸟类实际唱歌期间检查HVC神经活动.
主要成果:
- 该模型将歌唱动态的维度缩小为运动"手势",以注射器压力和张力的轨迹表示.
- 高密度神经元投射神经元表现出激发,而内部神经元则在手势轨迹极端点的几毫秒内被抑制.
- 这种精确的时间表表明,HVC神经元在关键运动阶段编码声动力输出.
结论:
- 高音量电脑通过神经活动精确编码声动力输出,定时到运动轨迹的极端点.
- HVC神经元的顺序活动可以作为预测预期行为的"前"模型,并在歌曲制作过程中评估反.
- 这项研究将生物力学建模与神经编码在复杂的声音行为中联系在一起.
相关概念视频
Action Potentials
Overview
Somatosensation
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
Propagation of Action Potentials
The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Functions of the Nervous System
The nervous system is responsible for coordinating and regulating the body's functions. It functions through three main processes: sensory, integrative, and motor processes. Sensory function involves the detection and transmission of information about internal and external stimuli from sensory receptors to the CNS. The CNS processes this information through an integrative function, where it interprets and makes decisions based on the incoming sensory information. Finally, the motor function...
Action Potential
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
