癌症基因组风景的风景
Bert Vogelstein1, Nickolas Papadopoulos, Victor E Velculescu
1The Ludwig Center and The Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 30, 2013
概括
癌症基因组测序揭示了140个推动瘤生长的驱动基因. 了解这些基因及其通路对于开发新的癌症治疗方法和降低死亡率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 分子瘤学分子瘤学
背景情况:
- 综合癌症基因组测序已经确定了人类常见癌症背后的遗传变化.
- 癌症基因组中有一些经常发生突变的基因组.
- 山脉山脉的山脉,就是山脉.
- 许多人很少发生突变.
- 丘陵 丘陵 丘陵 丘陵
- 基因. 基因. 这就是基因.
研究的目的:
- 识别和分类癌症驱动基因及其相关信号通路.
- 突出了解这些途径对于未来的癌症研究和治疗开发的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对大规模癌症基因组数据集的分析.
- 鉴定具有促进瘤发生的内基因突变的基因.
- 将驱动基因分类为调节细胞核心过程的信号通路.
主要成果:
- 已经确定了大约140个驱动基因,通过内基因突变促进瘤发生.
- 一种典型的瘤含有两到八个驱动基因突变,其他的则是乘客突变.
- 驱动基因被组织成12条信号通路,控制细胞命运,生存和基因组维护.
结论:
- 目前对癌症基因组的了解足以为改进的癌症治疗方法的开发提供信息.
- 了解癌症驱动基因和途径对于减少癌症发病率和死亡率至关重要.
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