细胞自卫:细胞自主免疫如何保护细胞免受病原体的侵害
Felix Randow1, John D MacMicking, Leo C James
1Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, Cambridge, UK. randow@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 11, 2013
概括
大多数细胞,不仅仅是免疫细胞,可以通过细胞自主免疫来防御感染. 这种古老的防御机制在所有生命领域都运作,利用细胞内结构进行保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 对宿主防御的传统观点侧重于专门的免疫细胞.
- 这种观点忽略了非免疫细胞的抗菌素耐药能力.
- 细胞自主免疫是一种基本的防御机制,存在于生命的所有领域.
研究的目的:
- 挑战对主机防御的传统理解.
- 为了强调细胞自主免疫的重要性.
- 探索控制细胞自卫机制的原则.
主要方法:
- 审查关于宿主防御和细胞免疫力的现有文献.
- 分析细胞内分离在抗菌素耐药性的作用.
- 讨论细胞自主免疫的进化起源和无处不在.
主要成果:
- 大多数细胞系拥有固有的抗微生物防御能力.
- 细胞自主免疫是一种古老而广泛的宿主保护形式.
- 细胞内分离对于有效的细胞自我防御对病原体至关重要.
结论:
- 脊椎动物的宿主防御不仅仅依赖于专门的免疫细胞.
- 细胞自主免疫代表了一个关键的,但被低估的,宿主保护层.
- 了解细胞自卫机制为对抗微生物感染提供了新的见解.
相关概念视频
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Overview
01:21Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
01:31Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
01:38What is the Immune System?
Overview
01:28Cells of the Innate Immune Response
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
01:26Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.