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对人类胚胎干细胞多系区分的表观遗传学分析
Wei Xie1, Matthew D Schultz, Ryan Lister
1Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Cell
|May 14, 2013
概括
表观遗传机制指导哺乳动物的发育. 在早期和晚期胚胎基因调节之间,DNA甲基化和染色质修饰有所不同,在DNA甲基化谷 (DMVs) 中观察到不同的模式.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学 发展生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 表观遗传机制对于哺乳动物发育至关重要,但它们的确切作用仍然不完全理解.
- 研究表观遗传调节为胚胎发育和细胞分化过程提供了洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 在人类胚胎干细胞分化过程中系统地描述DNA甲基化,染色质修饰和转录组.
- 阐明不同的表观遗传机制,控制早期与晚期发育的基因表达.
主要方法:
- 人类胚胎干细胞分化为介质皮肤,神经前,热囊细胞样和介质细胞干细胞.
- 对DNA甲基化模式,基因组修饰 (例如,H3K27me3) 和基因表达 (转录组) 的全面分析在各个谱系中进行.
- 识别和描述大型,甲基化贫乏的基因组区域,称为DNA甲基化谷 (DMV).
主要成果:
- 在早期开发中活跃的促进者富含CG,利用H3K27me3在非表达系中进行沉默.
- 后期基因的促进体是CG-poor,主要使用DNA甲基化进行抑制.
- 早期发育调节基因经常位于DMV中,这些基因在大多数谱系中基本上没有DNA甲基化.
结论:
- 不同的表观遗传策略,包括DNA甲基化和H3K27me3,调节胚胎干细胞分化的早期和晚期阶段.
- DNA甲基化谷 (DMVs) 是一种与早期发育基因调节相关的新型基因特征.
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