相关实验视频
Updated: May 10, 2026
11:56
Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery
Published on: December 13, 2007
人类胚胎干细胞是通过体细胞核转移获得的.
Masahito Tachibana1, Paula Amato, Michelle Sparman
1Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
Cell
|May 21, 2013
概括
研究人员通过优化体细胞核转移 (SCNT) 成功制造了人类核转移胚胎干细胞 (NT-ESC). 这一突破克服了早期胚胎发育的先前挑战,为患者匹配的再生医学铺平了道路.
科学领域:
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 生殖医学 生殖医学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 体细胞核转移 (SCNT) 为疾病研究和治疗提供了一条与患者匹配的核转移 (NT) -ESC的途径.
- 此前获得人类NT-ESC的努力受到早期SCNT胚胎停止的阻碍.
研究的目的:
- 通过SCNT识别和克服限制人类NT-ESC导出的关键因素.
- 建立一种可靠的方法来生成与患者匹配的人类NT-ESC.
主要方法:
- 鉴定了卵细胞中过早的化退出和亚最佳激活作为关键障碍.
- 开发了优化的SCNT协议以解决这些局限性.
- 将优化的SCNT应用于高质量的人类卵细胞.
主要成果:
- 通过优化的SCNT,成功地获得了人类NT-ESC线条,即使是从有限的卵细胞数量 (只有两个) 中.
- 衍生NT-ESCs表现出正常的双胞胎细胞类型,并且仅从供体体细胞中继承了核基因组.
- NT-ESCs表现出与胚胎衍生的ESCs相似的基因表达和分化模式,表明成功重新编程.
结论:
- 优化的SCNT协议克服了人类NT-ESC衍生之前的障碍.
- 这种方法可以产生与患者匹配的多能干细胞,用于治疗和研究应用.
- 通过优化SCNT,可以有效地将体细胞重编程为多能性.
相关概念视频
00:58Embryonic Stem Cells
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
01:13Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
01:14Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
00:57Embryonic Stem Cells
Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
01:06Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Somatic cells are...
01:24Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.