2003年,2008年和2012年发展中国家避孕需要和使用的趋势:对国家调查的分析
Jacqueline E Darroch1, Susheela Singh
1Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY 10038, USA. jedarroch@guttmacher.org
Lancet (London, England)
|May 21, 2013
概括
全球避孕药的使用量正在上升,但对现代避孕方法的未满足需求仍然很高,特别是在亚洲和非洲. 增加资源和改善接入是实现生殖健康目标的关键.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 关于避孕药的使用和需要的基本数据对于政策决策和监测通用获得生殖健康服务的进展至关重要.
- 千年发展目标5强调普遍获得避孕服务.
研究的目的:
- 估计2003年,2008年和2012年发展中国家使用避孕药的趋势和对现代避孕方法的未满足需求.
主要方法:
- 利用了发展中国家15-49岁的已婚和未婚妇女的全国调查数据.
- 想要避免怀孕的妇女的估计趋势,分类为现代避孕药的使用或对现代方法的未满足需求.
- 在三个参考年采用了可比的数据源和方法.
主要成果:
- 需要避孕的妇女人数从2003年的7.16亿增加到2012年的8.67亿,主要是由于人口增长.
- 现代避孕药的使用量增加,未满足需求的妇女比例从2003年的29%下降到2012年的26%.
- 仍然存在大量未满足的需求,特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲,南亚和西亚. 从绝育转向不太有效的方法可能会增加意外怀孕.
结论:
- 实现所需的分娩间隔和家庭规模为妇女,家庭和社会带来了巨大的好处.
- 解决尚未满足的需求需要增加资源,改善服务和供应的获取,以及优质的公共教育,以克服社会障碍.
- 在全球范围内,满足夫妇的生殖需求仍然是一个相当大的议程.
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