大脑不对称和语言发展:原因,相关性或后果?
1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, 9 South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK. dorothy.bishop@psy.ox.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 15, 2013
概括
大脑侧向化,大脑的侧向化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 语言处理通常以左半球为主,但原因尚不清楚.
- 发育性语言障碍通常与不典型的大脑侧向化有关,尽管证据在历史上很弱.
- 现代神经成像允许在发育过程中详细研究大脑侧向化.
研究的目的:
- 研究大脑横向化与发育性语言和识字障碍之间的关系.
- 探索大脑侧面化的起源和稳定性,特别是在语言发展方面.
- 重新评估大脑不对称的概念,考虑到它的多维性和发育轨迹.
主要方法:
- 利用现代的神经成像技术,检查发育中的个体的大脑侧向化.
- 分析了大脑横向化模式与语言/识字技能之间的关联.
- 评估了大脑横向化在发育时间上的遗传性和稳定性.
主要成果:
- 通过神经成像,证实了非典型的大脑横向化和语言/识字障碍之间的联系.
- 发现有限的证据表明弱脑横向化和这些损伤之间存在共同的遗传起源.
- 挑战了大脑横向化的观点,认为这是一个稳定的,高度遗传的特征.
结论:
- 非典型的语言横向化与语言和识字障碍有关.
- 弱脑侧面化可能与语言障碍没有共同的遗传基础.
- 大脑侧向化可能是语言学习受损的结果,而不是稳定,遗传的特征.
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