亲密伴侣杀人的全球流行:一个系统的审查
Heidi Stöckl1, Karen Devries, Alexandra Rotstein
1Social and Mathematical Epidemiology Group, Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. heidi.stoeckl@lshtm.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|June 25, 2013
概括
在全球范围内,超过13%的谋杀是亲密伴侣谋杀,超过三分之一的女性谋杀是由亲密伴侣实施的. 这凸显了对亲密伴侣暴力预防策略的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 谋杀是全球过早死亡的重要原因之一.
- 关于亲密伴侣谋杀案的数据很少,因为缺少受害者-犯罪者关系信息.
- 估计亲密伴侣谋杀的全球流行率对于公共卫生和政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计亲密伴侣谋杀的全球和区域流行率.
- 分析亲密伴侣犯下的杀人案的比例,根据受害者的性别进行区分.
- 为了确定高患病率的地区亲密伴侣谋杀.
主要方法:
- 系统地搜索五个数据库 (Medline,全球健康,Embase,社会政策,科学网) 的相关研究.
- 包括来自169个国家的官方来源的118篇全文文章和53个估计.
- 按国家和地区计算亲密伴侣杀人的中位数,分别用于男性和女性,使用质量评估算法.
主要成果:
- 分析了来自66个国家的数据,显示13.5%的杀人事件是由亲密伴侣犯下的.
- 与男性谋杀案 (6.3%) 相比,女性谋杀案的发生率是亲密伴侣 (38.6%) 的六倍.
- 在高收入国家和东南亚地区,亲密伴侣杀人的中位数最高,特别是女性受害者.
结论:
- 全球至少有七分之一的谋杀案和超过三分之一的女性谋杀案与亲密伴侣暴力有关.
- 亲密伴侣谋杀案通常是由于虐待史造成的,因此需要全面的预防策略.
- 加强数据收集和监测系统至关重要,同时投资于暴力预防,风险评估,受害者支持和枪支控制.
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