在细菌感染中,SIRT2依赖的素H3K18脱乙的作用
Haig A Eskandarian1, Francis Impens, Marie-Anne Nahori
1Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 3, 2013
概括
病原性细菌通过劫持脱乙酶二素 (SIRT2) 来重新编程宿主细胞. 这种表观遗传机制涉及SIRT2介导的基因素脱甲基化,这对于细菌感染的成功至关重要.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 病原体在感染期间操纵宿主细胞转录.
- 病原体诱导的转录变化背后的机制往往不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明宿主脱乙酶Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) 在Listeria monocytogenes感染中的作用.
- 研究病原体用来改变宿主转录的表观遗传机制.
主要方法:
- 研究了在Listeria monocytogenes感染期间SIRT2转移到细胞核的过程.
- 研究了SIRT2与基因转录起点的关联.
- 分析的素H3氨酸18 (H3K18) 脱乙烯化.
- 使用SIRT2活动抑制和SIRT2淘汰 (SIRT2-/-) 鼠标模型.
主要成果:
- 一种Listeria monocytogenes感染会触发SIRT2的核转位,这取决于细菌因子InlB.
- SIRT2与感染期间被抑制的基因的转录起点相关.
- 在lysine 18 (H3K18) 上,SIRT2 脱乙化基素 H3.
- 阻断SIRT2活动或使用SIRT2-/-小鼠显著损害了细菌感染.
结论:
- 在Listeria monocytogenes感染中,SIRT2介导的H3K18脱甲基化是至关重要的.
- 致病细菌利用SIRT2的表观遗传重编程来控制宿主细胞.
- 这项研究揭示了一种由病原体施加的新型表观遗传机制.
相关概念视频
01:29Translational Regulation
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
01:28Regulation of Bacterial Virulence
Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...
01:28Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
01:23Stringent Response in E. coli
Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
01:23Types of RNA
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...