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相关概念视频

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
The Photochemical Reaction Center01:29

The Photochemical Reaction Center

Reaction centers are pigment-protein complexes that initiate energy conversion from photons to chemical entities. Therefore, photochemical reaction center is a more appropriate term that describes these complexes. The Nobel laureates Robert Emerson and William Arnold provided the first experimental evidence of photochemical reaction centers by demonstrating the participation of nearly 2,500 chlorophyll molecules for the release of just one molecule of oxygen. Despite thousands of photosynthetic...
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
The Antenna Complex01:15

The Antenna Complex

Plants and other photosynthetic organisms comprise pigments capable of absorption of direct sunlight. These pigments are present in the reaction center - the main site of photochemical reactions as well as in the antenna complex. Under average light conditions, the rate at which reaction center pigments absorb light is far below the electron transport chain's capacity. As a result, the reaction center alone cannot provide enough energy to drive photosynthesis. The photosynthetic efficiency can...
The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane01:41

The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane

The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...
Channel Rhodopsins01:11

Channel Rhodopsins

Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...

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相关实验视频

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Photobleaching Enables Super-resolution Imaging of the FtsZ Ring in the Cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus
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具有独特光功能性质的环状Re(I) 多核复合体.

Tatsuki Morimoto1, Chiaki Nishiura, Marina Tanaka

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 24, 2013
PubMed
概括

研究人员开发了具有可调节光物理性质的新型发射 (I) 环形复合物 (Re-rings). 这些持久的Re-ring光敏化剂实现了82%的光催化二氧化碳减排的量子产量.

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Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization
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科学领域:

  • 无机化学 无机化学
  • 摄影化学的使用.
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • ((I) 复合物以其光发光特性而闻名.
  • 为催化应用开发高效的光敏剂至关重要.
  • 控制复杂的结构以调整光物理性质仍然是一个挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 为了合成和表征新的环状(I) 复合物 (Re-rings).
  • 为了研究结构修改 (腔体大小,带长度) 对光物理性质的影响.
  • 评估这些Re环作为光敏感剂在光催化二氧化碳减排中的性能.

主要方法:

  • 一系列具有不同数量的Re(I) 单元和桥梁连接体长度的发射Re(I) 复合物的合成.
  • 光物理特性,包括排放特性和激发状态寿命.
  • 在二氧化碳减排的光催化系统中,作为光敏感剂的Re-环的评估,使用fac-[Re(bpy) ((CO) 3 ((MeCN) ] ((+)) 作为催化剂.

主要成果:

  • 成功合成了新的发射力Re(I) 环形复合物 (Re-rings).
  • 证明Re环中较小的中心腔体增强了分子内π-π相互作用,导致更强的辐射和更长的激发状态寿命.
  • 重复环被证明是高效和持久的光敏化剂.
  • 一个三核的Re-ring光敏化剂与催化剂相结合,实现了高82%的二氧化碳减排的高量子产量.

结论:

  • 环状 (renium) 复合体根据腔体大小提供可调节的光物理性质.
  • 这些Re-Rings是有效和强大的光敏剂.
  • 开发的基于Re-ring的系统代表了有效的光催化二氧化碳减排的重大进步.