相关实验视频
在中国成年人中糖尿病的流行和控制
1Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China.
JAMA
|September 5, 2013
概括
糖尿病影响11.6%的中国成年人,50.1%患有糖尿病前期. 这些高发病率凸显出糖尿病是中国的重大公共卫生问题,需要紧急关注和管理策略.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 包括糖尿病在内的非传染性慢性病是导致全球死亡和疾病负担的主要原因.
- 了解糖尿病的流行和控制对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定糖尿病的患病率,并评估中国成年人的血糖控制.
- 为针对中国糖尿病的公共卫生战略提供数据.
主要方法:
- 2010年对98,658名中国成年人进行了全国代表性样本的横截面调查.
- 测量了血葡萄糖和血红蛋白A1c水平,并对那些没有被诊断为糖尿病的人进行了口服葡萄糖耐受性测试.
- 糖尿病和糖尿病前期被定义使用2010年美国糖尿病协会的标准;充分的血糖控制被定义为血红蛋白A1c<7.0%.
主要成果:
- 糖尿病的总体患病率为11.6%,8.1%未被诊断. 糖尿病前期的患病率为50.1%.
- 糖尿病患病率随着年龄,城市居住和经济发达地区的增长而增加.
- 只有25.8%的被诊断为糖尿病患者接受了治疗,而39.7%的接受治疗的人实现了足够的血糖控制.
结论:
- 该研究显示,中国成年人中糖尿病 (11.6%) 和糖尿病前期 (50.1%) 的患病率很高,可能分别影响超过1.13亿和4.93亿人.
- 这些发现强调了糖尿病在中国所带来的重大公共卫生挑战.
- 需要紧急干预,以改善中国人口的糖尿病查,治疗和血糖控制.
相关概念视频
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in the...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in the...