在回声定位哺乳动物中融合进化的全基因组签名
Joe Parker1, Georgia Tsagkogeorga, James A Cotton
1School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK. j.d.parker@qmul.ac.uk
Nature
|September 6, 2013
概括
融合进化驱动非相关物种的相似特征. 这项研究发现了哺乳动物基因组中广泛存在的自然选择驱动的序列融合,特别是在听觉和视觉感官基因中.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子进化的分子进化.
背景情况:
- 进化通常涉及遗传分歧,但由于类似的选择压力,融合进化可以导致与无关的种类中具有相似的特征.
- 以前的研究表明,融合进化可以驱动反复序列进化,但其全基因组跨属的范围是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 在哺乳动物中研究融合序列进化的全基因组范围,这些哺乳动物独立进化了回声定位.
- 为了确定融合进化是否是一种罕见的事件,还是由自然选择驱动的广泛现象.
主要方法:
- 分析了22种哺乳动物的基因组序列数据,包括4个新的蝙蝠基因组.
- 在2,326个正统编码基因序列中对805,053种氨基酸进行了系统分析.
- 检测平行进化和自然选择的标志的统计方法.
主要成果:
- 在分析的哺乳动物基因组中,确定了近200个基因位点的融合进化特征.
- 在回声定位哺乳动物 (蝙蝠和海豚) 中发现了与听力和聋相关的基因融合的有力证据.
- 观察到与视觉相关的基因的趋同,与趋同信号强度和自然选择之间的相关性.
结论:
- 融合序列进化是哺乳动物基因组中普遍存在的现象,不仅限于少数位置.
- 自然选择在每个地点的少量地点作用,通常会推动这种广泛的融合.
- 这些发现揭示了融合进化在塑造具有相似适应需求的遥远相关物种基因组方面的重要作用.
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