综合丰富性和功能性特征揭示了鱼类多样性的全球新热点
Rick D Stuart-Smith1, Amanda E Bates, Jonathan S Lefcheck
1Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. rstuarts@utas.edu.au
Nature
|September 27, 2013
概括
全球生物多样性不仅仅是物种数量. 新的研究表明,功能特征和均性揭示了隐藏的多样性热点,特别是在温带和热带地区,影响生态系统功能.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 生物多样性科学是生物多样性的科学.
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,物种丰富度一直主导着生物多样性评估.
- 生态学家和保护管理人员专注于丰富性和发生性,以了解多样性模式和管理.
- 最近的认识强调了物种特征,丰度和个体数量对生态功能的重要性.
研究的目的:
- 将传统的物种丰富度指标与包含物种丰富度和功能特征的指标进行比较.
- 通过更全面的方法确定新的生物多样性热点.
- 研究物种多样性,功能特征,社区均性和生态系统功能之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用全球1844个地点的2,473种海洋珊瑚鱼类的标准化定量调查数据.
- 将物种丰富度与包括物种丰富度和功能特征在内的指标进行比较 (Rao's Q).
- 分析了社区均度及其度趋势.
主要成果:
- 在温带地区和热带东太平洋地区确定了新的多样性热点,与高功能特征多样性有关.
- 观察到全球趋势,在更高的度上,社区更加均.
- 发现热带地区的物种与温带地区相比,平均而言对生态系统功能的贡献比例较小.
结论:
- 纳入物种丰度和功能特征的生物多样性指标提供了对生态功能全球模式的更相关的表示.
- 功能多样性和丰富性模式不同于仅基于物种数量的模式,突出温带和热带热点.
- 整合功能指标对于有效的保护管理和跟踪生物多样性价值至关重要.
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