来自格鲁吉亚德马尼西的一个完整的头骨,以及早期Homo的进化生物学
David Lordkipanidze1, Marcia S Ponce de León, Ann Margvelashvili
1Georgian National Museum, 3 Purtseladze Street, 0105 Tbilisi, Georgia.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 19, 2013
概括
来自格鲁吉亚德马尼西的新化石头骨揭示了早期的Homo具有显著的变异性. 这一发现支持在180万年前非洲以外的单一进化的Homo血统.
科学领域:
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 人类进化人类进化
- 普莱斯托纪考古学 普莱斯托纪考古学
背景情况:
- 格鲁吉亚的德马尼西遗址提供了重要的原始人化石.
- 这些化石表明大约180万年前,Homo在非洲以外的存在.
研究的目的:
- 报道一个新发现的,完全保存的成人原始人头骨 (D4500/D2600) 从早期的普莱斯托纪.
- 分析这个新标本的形态特征,并将其与现有的早期Homo化石进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在德马尼西遗址挖掘和回收人类头骨和头骨后遗骸.
- 对新头骨 (D4500) 和下 (D2600) 的详细形态分析.
- 与来自非洲和欧亚亚的其他早期Homo化石进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 德马尼西的样本包括一个新的成年原始人头骨 (D4500/D2600),这是第一个发现的完整的普莱斯托时代早期头骨.
- 这个头骨展示了一个小的大脑 (546 cc) 结合一个大,产后面部.
- 形态特征与已知最早的非洲Homo化石有很强的相似之处.
结论:
- 现在有五个头骨的Dmanisi原始人样本,在早期的Homo种群中显示出大量的形态变异.
- 这种变异表明,早期人种的单一,不断发展的血统与连续的地理分布跨越大陆.
- 这些发现支持统一的早期Homo血统的假设,而不是多个不同的物种.
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