基因组重新编码的生物体扩大生物功能
Marc J Lajoie1, Alexis J Rovner, Daniel B Goodman
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
概括
科学家们通过替换大肠杆菌中的UAG停止编码子来设计了一个基因组重编码生物 (GRO). 这种转基因细菌表现出增强的功能,包括非标准的氨基酸和增加了对T7菌的抵抗力.
科学领域:
- 合成生物学 合成生物学
- 微生物遗传学微生物遗传学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 遗传密码几乎是普遍的,但停止密码可以重新分配.
- 大肠杆菌依赖释放因子1 (RF1) 来识别UAG停止编码子.
- 扩大蛋白质多样性需要采用包括非标准氨基酸的方法.
研究的目的:
- 在大肠杆菌中构建和描述一个基因组重新编码的生物体 (GRO).
- 为了使UAG停止子能够重新分配新的生物功能.
- 研究遗传密码扩展对蛋白质特性和病毒抗性的影响.
主要方法:
- 在大肠杆菌MG1655基因组中,系统地将所有UAG停止编码子替换为同名的UAA编码子.
- 删除释放因子1 (RF1) 基因以消除UAG识别.
- 由此产生的GRO因其能够结合非标准氨基酸及其对T7菌的抗性而具有特征.
主要成果:
- 成功构建了一个基因组重新编码的大肠杆菌菌株,其中UAG编码子被重新分配.
- 证明了非标准氨基酸在体内结合的能力提高,扩大了蛋白质的化学多样性.
- 在工程GRO中观察到对T7菌体感染的抗药性增加.
结论:
- 通过UAG重新分配进行基因组重新编码在大肠杆菌中是可行的.
- 这种方法提高了Escherichia coli在合成生物学应用中的实用性,包括蛋白质工程.
- 基因代码扩展可以赋予优势的特征,如改进的病毒耐药性,在工程生物.
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