对气候的快速适应促进了侵入性植物的范围扩大
Robert I Colautti1, Spencer C H Barrett
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 19, 2013
概括
快速适应气候允许入侵植物扩大其范围. 莱斯沙利卡里亚 (Lythrum salicaria) 进化的早期开花在较冷的气候,提高健康,但减少在温暖的地区的增长,显示气候适应驱动侵入性传播.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 植物科学 植物科学
背景情况:
- 气候适应可以使物种能够迅速扩大其地理范围.
- 了解当地适应对于预测和管理入侵物种至关重要.
- 柳 (Lythrum salicaria) 是北美一个重要的入侵植物.
研究的目的:
- 在北美沿着气候梯度的入侵植物Lythrum salicaria对气候的局部适应性进行调查.
- 确定Lythrum salicaria早期开花的进化是否具有适应性及其对健康的影响.
- 评估当地适应在扩大范围期间克服环境限制的作用.
主要方法:
- 在北美气候梯度中检查了Lythrum salicaria种群的本地适应.
- 评估了在不同环境中进化早期开花的健康后果.
- 将早期开花的适应价值与敌人释放和竞争能力增加等其他因素进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 早些时候的开花在北方入侵前线的Lythrum salicaria中进化,显著增加了健康状况.
- 这种适应与敌人释放和提高竞争能力一样有效,甚至更有效.
- 相反,早些时候的开花在南方更温暖的环境中减少了植物生长和健康的三倍.
结论:
- 当地适应气候可以在当代范围扩张期间迅速发展.
- 现象变化,如早期开花,代表了入侵植物的关键适应策略.
- 快速适应可以使入侵物种克服生殖和传播的环境限制.
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