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Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

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Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Proteins are dynamic macromolecules that carry out a wide variety of essential processes; however, the activities of most proteins depend on their interactions with other molecules or ions, known as ligands.
Protein-ligand interactions are quite specific; even though numerous potential ligands surround a cellular protein at any given time, only a particular ligand can bind to that protein. Moreover, a ligand binds only to a dedicated area on the surface of the protein, known as the...
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EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

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Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
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Ligand Binding and Linkage00:49

Ligand Binding and Linkage

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Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked.  In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence...
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选择性 ((VI) 配体使用组合性类图书馆识别.

Abigail S Knight1, Effie Y Zhou, Jeffrey G Pelton

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California , 724 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 8, 2013
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员开发了新的基于peptoid的配体,从水中选择性地捕获有毒六价[Cr(VI]. 这些配体提供了一种具有成本效益的解决方案,用于修复环境水样中的Cr (VI) 污染.

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科学领域:

  • 环境化学环境化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 生物技术是生物技术.

背景情况:

  • 六价[Cr(VI) 是一个普遍存在的全球水污染物.
  • 目前的Cr(VI) 整治策略缺乏成本效益和效率.
  • 一个关键的挑战是缺少能够在水溶液中的许多其他离子中结合Cr(VI) 的选择性配体.

研究的目的:

  • 设计和应用一种基于peptoid的连接物候选物库,用于选择性Cr (VI) 结合.
  • 在中性pH下识别和表征具有高亲和度和特异性Cr(VI) 的peptoid序列.
  • 评估这些类配体在修复受Cr (VI) 污染的环境水样品中的有效性.

主要方法:

  • 一个peptoid序列库被合成并选为Cr(VI) 结合.
  • 紫外线光谱法用于确定序列的亲和度定位.
  • 为了详细描述Cr (VI) - 连接体复合体,使用了NMR光谱学.
  • 类序列被固定在固相树脂上进行整治实验.

主要成果:

  • 在具有挑战性的条件下 (中性pH,多余离子) 确定了11个能够结合Cr(VI) 的类序列.
  • 亲和力比较显示,所选序列之间具有显著的结合能力.
  • 描述阐明了协调相互作用和特异性决定因素.
  • 合成的类树脂有效地将模拟污染水样本中的Cr (VI) 水平降低到符合EPA的范围.

结论:

  • 基于类的配体代表了一个有前途的新类对有毒金属离子 (如CrVI) 的选择性化剂.
  • 这些配体提供了一种具有成本效益和高效的方法,用于环境中污染的补救.
  • 该研究强调了类序列作为开发先进环境修复材料的多功能组件的潜力.