菌根菌通过协调使用膜脂质来操纵巨细胞的招募
C J Cambier1, Kevin K Takaki2, Ryan P Larson3
1Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Nature
|December 17, 2013
概括
结核菌 Mycobacterium 通过使用特定的脂质来招募允许的巨细胞并避免杀菌性巨细胞来逃避宿主防御. 这种免疫规避策略对于结核病感染和生存至关重要.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 结核菌菌 (M. tuberculosis) 的生存依赖于宿主入侵,复制和传播.
- 结核菌感染肺中的巨细胞,它们将细菌运送到更深层的组织中.
- 了解M.结核病如何在杀菌性巨细胞中生存至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究M. tuberculosis和M. marinum偏好感染容许性巨细胞的机制,而逃避杀菌性巨细胞的机制.
- 阐明特定的真菌细菌脂质在调节宿主免疫细胞招募和功能的作用.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠和斑马鱼模型中进行了实验.
- 对细胞表面相关脂质的分析,包括花醇五糖酸盐 (PDIM) 和性糖脂质 (PGLs).
- 对托尔类受体 (TLR) 和化学受体2 (CCR2) 信号通路的研究.
主要成果:
- 结核菌和海洋菌首选招募和感染容许性巨细胞,避开杀菌性巨细胞.
- PDIM脂质掩盖了与病原体相关的分子模式 (PAMPs),防止了TLR依赖的微生物杀伤性巨细胞的招募.
- PGLs通过CCR2介导的途径促进允许的巨细胞招募.
结论:
- 确定了PDIM和PGL在M.结核病毒性和宿主免疫相互作用中的协调作用.
- 这些脂质解释了M.结核病对下呼吸道的偏好,避免了微生物杀伤性免疫反应.
- 这些发现为结核病原体和宿主-病原体相互作用提供了洞察力.
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