全球癌症模式:原因和预防
Paolo Vineis1, Christopher P Wild2
1MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London; HuGeF Foundation, Torino, Italy.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 20, 2013
概括
初级癌症预防非常有效,有可能预防三分之一到一半的癌症. 优先考虑预防策略对于全球癌症控制至关重要,特别是在低收入国家.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 癌症是一个日益严重的全球卫生挑战,不成比例地影响低收入和中等收入国家.
- 这些国家面临着双重负担:现有的传染性癌症和与全球化风险因素相关的新型非传染性疾病.
- 人口变化加剧了这些地区的癌症负担.
研究的目的:
- 倡导初级预防作为全球癌症控制的基石.
- 突出初级预防在减少癌症发病率方面的重大潜力.
- 强调预防措施的长期效益和成本效益.
主要方法:
- 该研究综合了有关癌症风险因素和预防的当前知识.
- 它分析了影响全球癌症负担的流行病学趋势和经济因素.
- 作者根据现有证据提出了优先考虑初级预防的理由.
主要成果:
- 在所有癌症中,有33%至50%是可以预防的,如果目前对风险因素的了解.
- 初级预防提供了更广泛的健康益处,减少了其他非传染性疾病.
- 预防措施,如监管行动,提供长期,可持续的影响.
结论:
- 初级预防是全球癌症控制的高效和关键战略.
- 资源应优先用于实施和维持初级预防计划.
- 整合初级预防对于减轻全球不断增加的癌症负担至关重要.
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