血管精子辐射到结环境中的三个关键
Amy E Zanne1, David C Tank2, William K Cornwell3
11] Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC 20052, USA [2] Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, Missouri 63121, USA.
Nature
|December 24, 2013
概括
适应寒冷气候的开花植物通过演变的特征,如小的叶管道或叶片. 这些解决方案往往早于它们进入结环境之前,草本植物在很大程度上避免了寒冷.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 植物科学 植物科学
- 适应气候变化适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 早期的开花植物是木质的,仅限于温暖的气候.
- 胞体后来多样化为各种气候,进化了耐寒机制.
- 了解结持久性特征的演变对于植物多样化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究使植物能够在结条件下持续存在的特征的演变.
- 模拟植物特征的共同进化 (生长习惯,叶子表态,树叶结构) 和气候占用.
- 为了确定特征进化与气候适应的序列在 angiosperms.
主要方法:
- 组建了一个大型物种级数据库,包括生长习惯,叶子表态,液压管道直径和气候对结的暴露.
- 利用了32223种陆地植物物种的日期的分子系谱.
- 建模了特征和气候占用的进化历史.
主要成果:
- 木质植物通过小的树木管道和/或叶子脱落进入寒冷的气候.
- 草本物种通过老化的地面组织在寒冷中生存下来.
- 增长习惯比气候占用不那么不稳定;特征往往先于寒冷适应.
- 树木植物的叶落通常是在暴露于结后演变的.
结论:
- 雄种类获得了寒冷环境的结构和功能解决方案,通常是在殖民之前.
- 对于寒冷耐受性的进化途径在木质和草本系之间有所不同.
- 特征的进化,特别是木质植物的进化,在 angiosperm向寒冷气候多样化中发挥了关键作用.
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