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在适应性辐射中,物种共存和表型演变的动态

Joseph A Tobias¹, Charlie K Cornwallis², Elizabeth P Derryberry³

¹1] Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK [2].

|December 24, 2013

概括

物种相互作用可能不会推动进化分歧. 相反,共存可以导致特征的融合,特别是在较旧的血统中,挑战了关于适应性辐射和物种差异的传统观点.

科学领域:

进化生物学进化生物学
生态生态学生态生态学
鸟类学鸟类学是一门学科.

背景情况:

人们普遍认为,物种相互作用推动了进化分歧和适应辐射.
然而,相互作用可能发生在较古老的血统中,在那里对分歧的选择很弱.
相反,与物种间竞争相关的特征上的收选择可能会占主导地位.

研究的目的:

研究物种相互作用在宏观进化特征分歧中的作用.
测试共存是否促进烤箱鸟 (Furnariidae) 的分歧或融合.
控制进化时间对特征差异的影响.

主要方法:

遗传学分析以估计烤箱鸟系之间的分歧时间.
在共存和不共存的血统中对生态特征和社会信号 (歌曲) 的比较分析.
统计建模,以解释进化时代的影响.

主要成果:

同时存在的烤箱鸟之间增加的特征差异是由它们更大的进化年龄解释的.
在控制了年龄之后,共存并没有促进特征分歧.
共存与社会信号 (歌曲) 的趋同有显著的相关性.

结论:

物种相互作用不一定会在宏观进化尺度上促进特征分歧.
现型趋同,特别是在社会信号中,可以由整个辐射的物种相互作用驱动.
进化年龄是一个关键因素,可以掩盖或改变共存对特征进化的感知影响.

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