微生物群产生的代谢物通过肠-大脑神经回路促进代谢效益
Filipe De Vadder1, Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary2, Daisy Goncalves1
1Institut de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U855, Lyon 69372, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 69008, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69622, France.
Cell
|January 14, 2014
概括
肠道微生物的可溶性纤维发酵产生短链脂肪酸 (SCFA),激活肠道葡萄糖生成 (IGN). 这种激活对于纤维对体重和血糖控制的代谢益处至关重要.
科学领域:
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
- 肠道微生物组研究研究
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 溶性食纤维为体重和血糖调节提供代谢优势,但机制尚不清楚.
- 肠道葡萄糖生成 (IGN) 被公认为其在葡萄糖和能量平衡中的作用.
- 肠道微生物群发酵食纤维成短链脂肪酸 (SCFA),影响宿主新陈代谢.
研究的目的:
- 阐明由可溶性纤维发酵产生的SCFA影响代谢平衡的机制.
- 研究肠道葡萄糖生成 (IGN) 在调解SCFA和食纤维的代谢益处中的作用.
主要方法:
- 研究了酸和丁酸盐 (SCFA) 对小鼠IGN激活的作用.
- 利用基因表达分析通过cAMP了解丁酸盐的机制.
- 检查了酸的机制,涉及肠-大脑神经回路和FFAR3.
- 对比正常小鼠的代谢结果与用SCFA或纤维治疗的IGN缺乏小鼠的代谢结果.
主要成果:
- 丁酸盐通过依赖cAMP的途径激活IGN基因表达.
- 酸通过涉及FFAR3的肠-大脑神经回路激活IGN基因表达,并充当IGN基底.
- 在IGN缺乏的小鼠中,SCFA和纤维的代谢益处 (体重,血糖控制) 被废除了.
- 在正常小鼠和缺少IGN的小鼠中,肠道微生物组成的变化相似,突出显示了IGN的特定作用.
结论:
- 酸和丁酸等SCFA通过不同的机制激活肠道葡萄糖生成 (IGN).
- 调节IGN对于实现可溶性纤维和SCFA对体重和血糖控制的代谢益处至关重要.
- 向IGN为代谢健康干预提供了一个潜在的战略.
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