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相关概念视频

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.1K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.1K
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

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Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
5.7K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.6K
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

2.7K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
2.7K
Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

4.1K
Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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通过微相分离诱导的序列定义的类双块共聚物中的结晶.

Jing Sun1, Alexander A Teran, Xunxun Liao

  • 1Molecular Foundry, ‡Materials Sciences Division, §Environmental Energy Technologies Division, and ∥National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 16, 2014
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概括

序列定义的类块共聚合物在通常无形块中表现出诱导结晶. 这一发现为聚合物结晶动力学和由侧链结构驱动的自我组装提供了新的见解.

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 晶体学 晶体学是指结晶学.

背景情况:

  • 对聚合物结构的原子级控制是理解区块共聚合物结晶动学的关键.
  • 类双阻塞共聚合物为探索结构-性质关系提供了一个可调的平台.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究侧链结构对序列定义的类双块共聚物的结晶行为的影响.
  • 探索无形聚合物块中诱导结晶的现象.

主要方法:

  • 序列定义的,高度单分散的类双块共聚合物的合成 (多-N-脱甘氨酸-块-多-N-2-(2-(2-甲乙) 乙氧) 乙甘氨酸).
  • 使用X射线散射和热量计来分析自组装和结晶的表征.
  • 区块共聚合物组成的系统变化 (PNte的体积分数).

主要成果:

  • 所有合成的区块共聚类是自组装成状微相的,由聚-N-脱甘氨酸 (pNdc) 块的结晶驱动.
  • 通常无形的聚-N-2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxy) ethylglycine (pNte) 块表现出诱导的结晶.
  • 诱导的pNte结晶取决于晶体pNdc块,这表明格子间距匹配至关重要.

结论:

  • 块共聚类体展示了一个独特的平台,用于研究侧链组织对热力学特性的影响.
  • 由于微相分离,由晶体块诱导无形块的结晶是一种新的发现.
  • 这项工作为设计具有受控晶体行为的聚合物开辟了新的途径.