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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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在具有获得多能性的重编程细胞中,双向发育潜力.

Haruko Obokata1, Yoshiki Sasai2, Hitoshi Niwa3

  • 11] Laboratory for Cellular Reprogramming, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan [2] Laboratory for Genomic Reprogramming, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan [3] Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

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科学家们发现了刺激触发多能细胞 (STAP) 的获取,这些细胞可以在没有遗传修饰的情况下重新编程体细胞. 这些独特的多能细胞有助于胚胎和胎盘组织,提供新的发展潜力.

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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 发育生物学 发展生物学
  • 干细胞研究 干细胞研究

背景情况:

  • 体细胞重编程通常需要核转移或基因操纵.
  • 胚胎干细胞 (ES) 是多能性的关键模型,但在发育贡献方面存在局限性.

研究的目的:

  • 描述刺激触发多能细胞 (STAP) 获取的发展潜力.
  • 与胚胎干细胞和热囊细胞干细胞相比,研究STAP细胞的独特特性.

主要方法:

  • 胚胎细胞注射试验,以评估STAP细胞对胚胎和胎盘组织的贡献.
  • 在体外培养具有特定生长因子 (ACTH,LIF,Fgf4) 的细胞培养以诱导细胞命运转化.
  • 热囊细胞标记表达和喜梅拉形成的分析.

主要成果:

  • 与传统的ES细胞不同,STAP细胞对胚胎和胎盘组织都有贡献.
  • 用Fgf4培养诱导STAP衍生的干细胞,具有增强的热囊细胞特征和更广泛的发展潜力.
  • 通过LIF治疗,STAP细胞可以转化为ES类细胞,从而显示出可塑性.

结论:

  • STAP细胞代表了一个独特的多能状态,具有独特的发育能力.
  • STAP细胞的可塑性使其能够转化为类似ES的和类似 trofhoblast 的细胞.
  • STAP细胞重编程提供了一个新的途径,可以在没有遗传操纵的情况下产生多能细胞.