侵略者之间的化学战:排毒相互作用促进了入侵
Edward G Lebrun1, Nathan T Jones, Lawrence E Gilbert
1Brackenridge Field Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2907 Lake Austin Boulevard, Austin, TX 78703, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 15, 2014
概括
在遇到入侵性火 (Solenopsis invicta) 后,多尼疯 (Nylanderia fulva) 分泌一种解毒剂,即酸. 这种抗毒性使他们能够取代火,改变当地生态系统.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 化学生态化学生态学
背景情况:
- 侵袭性青色疯 (Nylanderia fulva) 正在美国南部取代本土和侵袭性物种.
- 进口的火 (Solenopsis invicta) 是一个主要的竞争对手,经常被N. fulva.所取代.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究尼兰菌对Solenopsis invicta.的毒素产生抵抗力的机制.
- 为了确定N. fulva毒液排毒行为的生态意义.
主要方法:
- 对N. fulva暴露于S. invicta毒的暴露.
- 对N. fulva的腹部外分泌腺分泌物的分析.
- 生物测试测试分泌物的排毒特性,并确定活性剂.
主要成果:
- 在暴露于S. invicta毒液后,N. fulva将腹部分泌物应用于它的皮质上.
- 这些分泌物中和了S. invicta毒液.
- 在N. fulva毒中存在的酸被确定为主要的排毒剂.
- 这种解毒在与S. invicta.相互作用后最为强烈.
结论:
- Nylanderia fulva 具有针对 Solenopsis invicta 毒素的化学防御机制,主要利用酸.
- 这种毒素排毒能力是N. fulva入侵成功和S. invicta.被驱逐的关键因素.
- 这种行为很可能是在它们的原生范围进化出来的,并为关节动物群体的显著生态变化做出了贡献.
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