1990-2010年,中国的结核病患病率;对国家调查数据进行纵向分析
Lixia Wang1, Hui Zhang1, Yunzhou Ruan1
1Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 22, 2014
概括
中国中国中国中国.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病控制和控制传染病
背景情况:
- 中国从20世纪90年代开始实施了基于直接观察治疗,短期 (DOTS) 策略的国家结核病控制计划.
- 2000年以后,DOTS战略在全国范围内扩展,覆盖了整个人口.
- 本研究评估了中国全国结核病控制计划的流行病学影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国国家结核病控制计划的有效性.
- 分析过去二十年结核病患病率和治疗结果的趋势.
- 确定DOTS战略对减少结核病负担的贡献.
主要方法:
- 对1990年,2000年和2010年进行的三个国家结核病流行调查的纵向分析.
- 在2010年调查中,在31个大陆省份,分层随机抽样252,940名15岁以上的个人.
- 结核病的诊断通过胸部X光学,唾液涂液显微镜和培养,对确诊病例进行采访.
主要成果:
- 在1990年至2010年期间,涂抹阳性结核病的患病率从每10万人口中的170人降至59人.
- 患病率的下降在2000年后加速,与1990年代的19%相比,减少了57%.
- 使用DOTS的治疗从医院转移到公共卫生中心的比例从2000年的15%增加到2010年的66%,降低了治疗缺失和再治疗率.
结论:
- 中国成功地在20年内将结核病患病率减半.
- 由公共卫生中心实施的DOTS战略推动的改善结核病治疗是关键因素.
- 该研究强调了扩大规模,基于战略的结核病控制计划对公共卫生的影响.
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