在黑色素瘤中对BRAF (V600E) 抑制的可逆和适应性耐药性
Chong Sun1, Liqin Wang1, Sidong Huang2
11] Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Cancer Systems Biology Centre and Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands [2].
Nature
|March 28, 2014
概括
黑色素瘤对BRAF/MEK抑制剂的耐药性可能来自SOX10损失,增加EGFR. 这解释了耐药性,并表明EGFR阳性患者可能从药物假期和再治疗中受益.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 癌症遗传学 癌症遗传学
背景情况:
- BRAF (V600E) 突变黑色素瘤可以用BRAF/MEK抑制剂治疗,但耐药性很常见.
- 由于EGFR反,具有BRAF (V600E) 的结肠癌对BRAF抑制剂具有抗性.
- 在黑色素瘤中获得的耐药性机制对于有效治疗的理解至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究黑色素瘤中对BRAF和MEK抑制剂获得性耐药性的机制.
- 确定参与药物耐药性发展的关键监管者.
- 探索克服BRAF突变黑色素瘤中获得性耐药性的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 分析黑色素瘤瘤的EGFR表达在产生耐药性后.
- 利用一种专注于染色体调节器的shRNA库来选抗性基因.
- 研究了SOX10抑制和TGF-β信号在赋予抗性的作用.
主要成果:
- 在16种抗性黑色素瘤中,在6种中观察到获得的EGFR表达.
- 抑制SOX10导致TGF-β激活,上调EGFR和PDGFRβ,导致耐药性.
- EGFR表达或TGF-β暴露诱导衰老,但在药物治疗中促进了增殖.
- 在EGFR阳性耐药患者样本中发现了SOX10损失和/或TGF-β激活.
结论:
- 在黑色素瘤中,SOX10损失和随后的EGFR上调驱动对BRAF/MEK抑制剂的耐药性.
- 这种机制解释了为什么一些耐药黑色素瘤患者在药物假期后恢复敏感性.
- 在药物假期后,EGFR阳性黑色素瘤患者可能受益于重新治疗策略.
相关概念视频
Treatment Resistant Cancers
2.6K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
2.6K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.0K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.0K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.7K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.7K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
3.8K
3.8K
The Retinoblastoma Gene
3.7K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
3.7K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.6K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.6K


