草食动物和营养物质通过光限制控制草原植物多样性
Elizabeth T Borer1, Eric W Seabloom1, Daniel S Gruner2
1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
Nature
|March 28, 2014
概括
添加营养素通过限制光线来减少植物的多样性. 然而,食草动物可以通过增加光线的可用性来抵消这一点,帮助恢复全球草原的生物多样性.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 全球变化生物学
- 植物社区动态 植物社区动态
背景情况:
- 人类活动,包括营养丰富和改变的食草动物种群,显著影响全球生物多样性.
- 生态理论表明相反的效果:添加营养增加了对光的竞争,导致植物物种的丧失,而食草动物增加了光的可用性,防止了竞争性排斥.
研究的目的:
- 测试草食物增加的光线能否抵消因环氧化而导致的植物物种丧失.
- 调查营养素和食草动物在控制草原植物多样性的反作用.
主要方法:
- 一个全球实验,涉及6大洲40个草原地区.
- 操纵营养添加和草食水平,以评估对植物多样性和光线可用性的影响.
主要成果:
- 添加营养素持续减少了当地植物的多样性,因为强化了光线限制.
- 草食在有效增加地面光线的地点拯救了植物多样性.
- 这些影响在不同地点的生产力,土壤,草食类型和气候上都是一致的.
结论:
- 营养添加和草食作用作为通过光限制来调节草原植物多样性的抵消力量.
- 草食可以通过提高光线的可用性来改善草原中人为肥沃化导致的物种丧失.
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