一种悬浮养异常体,来自早期坎布里亚时期
Jakob Vinther1, Martin Stein2, Nicholas R Longrich3
1Schools of Earth Sciences and Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK.
Nature
|March 28, 2014
概括
大型悬浮食器,就像古代的异常,第一次在坎布里亚爆炸期间演变. 这些早期的海洋动物使用专门的附录来过小浮游生物,表明复杂的坎布里亚生态系统.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 大型,活跃游泳的悬浮料器在地球历史上多次演变.
- 这些养策略已知来自各种群体,包括鱼和鱼类,但不是从早期的古生物学时代.
- 异常类动物 (anomalocarids) 是坎布里亚和奥尔多维纪时期的主导性 nektonic 动物,以前被认为是顶尖的捕食者.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究来自早期坎布里亚纪的Sirius Passet Fauna的异常 Tamisiocaris borealis的食习惯.
- 为了确定异常,特别是T. borealis,是否表现出悬浮养.
- 了解大型 nektonic 悬浮料器的进化起源及其在早期生态系统中的作用.
主要方法:
- 描述Tamisiocaris borealis. 的新化石材料.
- 分析前肢附体的形态,包括脊柱和辅助脊柱.
- 附体结构与已知的悬浮养机制的比较.
主要成果:
- 描述T. borealis的前部附属体长,细的腹部棘和细的辅助棘.
- 这种形态学表明了微菌悬浮养的专业化,捕获的食物颗粒小于0.5毫米.
- 北极可能以中动物浮游生物为食,例如copepods,使用扫网捕获方法.
结论:
- 大型的, nektonic悬浮养器起源于坎布里亚爆炸期间,在异常类的自适应辐射中.
- 北的存在表明,悬浮养的进化比以前想象的要早.
- 早期的坎布里亚海生态系统是复杂的,受到高初级生产率和营养流量的支持,具有多样化的植物性浮游生物和中动物性浮游生物群落.
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