感官刺激将视觉皮层从同步状态转移到异步状态.
Andrew Y Y Tan1, Yuzhi Chen2, Benjamin Scholl1
11] Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA [2] Department of Neuroscience, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA [3].
Nature
|April 4, 2014
概括
哺乳动物大脑皮层的活动高度可变. 这项研究表明,在固定过程中,神经活动是同步的,随着视觉刺激而转变为异步状态,挑战了以前的模型.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
- 系统神经科学 系统神经科学
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物大脑皮层中的神经反应在自发活动和感官刺激期间都表现出很高的变化.
- 两个主要假设解释了这种变异性:异步的高导电状态或不频繁的相关输入事件导致大膜电位波动.
- 区分这些状态对于理解皮层计算至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究行为子在自发和刺激活动期间的主要视觉皮层 (V1) 的状态.
- 为了区分异步的高导电状态和相关的输入事件假设的神经可变性.
- 为了确定感官刺激如何影响皮质网络状态.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种全细胞膜潜力 (Vm) 测量的新技术,用于行为子的皮质.
- 在视觉固定任务期间,对主要视觉皮层 (V1) 的集中记录.
- 与同时记录的本地现场潜力 (LFP) 相关的Vm波动,以评估网络活动.
主要成果:
- 与异步状态预测相反,固定期间的平均Vm明显低于值,由大而不频繁的波动驱动的峰值.
- Vm分布是倾斜的,与相关的输入事件相一致,而不是高斯输入.
- 视觉刺激将Vm转移到值,使波动变得更高斯式,并破坏神经网络相关性,类似于异步状态.
结论:
- 哺乳动物大脑皮层在自发活动期间处于同步状态,其特点是不经常的相关输入.
- 感官驱动可以将皮质电路从同步状态转换为异步状态.
- 这些发现挑战了对警觉动物持续异步皮质状态的普遍观点.
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